🌸Chapter 7
Human Health and Diseases
(MCQs)
🩺 Section 1: Health, Disease
& Pathogens (Q1–Q20)
1.
Health
is defined as—
(A) Absence of disease
(B) Physical well-being
(C) Complete physical, mental, and social well-being
(D) Mental well-being only
Answer: (C)
Explanation: According to WHO, health is a state of complete physical,
mental, and social well-being, not merely absence of disease.
2.
Which
of the following is an infectious disease?
(A) Cancer
(B) Diabetes
(C) Typhoid
(D) Hypertension
Answer: (C)
Explanation: Typhoid is caused by Salmonella typhi — a bacterial
infection.
3.
Which
disease is not caused by a microbe?
(A) Diabetes
(B) Pneumonia
(C) Ringworm
(D) Malaria
Answer: (A)
Explanation: Diabetes is a metabolic/lifestyle disease, not infectious.
4.
The
causative agent of typhoid is:
(A) Mycobacterium tuberculosis
(B) Plasmodium vivax
(C) Salmonella typhi
(D) Streptococcus pneumoniae
Answer: (C)
Explanation: Typhoid is caused by the bacterium Salmonella typhi.
5.
Widal
test is used to diagnose—
(A) Pneumonia
(B) AIDS
(C) Typhoid
(D) Malaria
Answer: (C)
Explanation: Widal test detects antibodies against Salmonella typhi.
6.
Pneumonia
affects—
(A) Liver
(B) Kidneys
(C) Lungs
(D) Intestine
Answer: (C)
Explanation: Pneumonia is infection and inflammation of alveoli of
lungs.
7.
Common
cold is caused by—
(A) Rhinovirus
(B) Influenza virus
(C) HIV
(D) Bacteriophage
Answer: (A)
Explanation: Rhinovirus infects nose and respiratory passage
causing common cold.
8.
AIDS
is caused by—
(A) HIV
(B) HBV
(C) HCV
(D) HPV
Answer: (A)
Explanation: AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) is caused by HIV.
9.
AIDS
virus belongs to the group of—
(A) DNA virus
(B) RNA virus
(C) Retrovirus
(D) Bacteriophage
Answer: (C)
Explanation: HIV is a retrovirus that carries RNA and reverse
transcriptase enzyme.
10.
Which
of the following is NOT a mode of HIV transmission?
(A) Unprotected sex
(B) Sharing infected needles
(C) Handshake
(D) Transfusion of contaminated blood
Answer: (C)
Explanation: HIV spreads through blood, sex, and needles; not casual
contact.
11.
HIV
primarily destroys—
(A) RBCs
(B) Helper T-cells (CD4 cells)
(C) Liver cells
(D) Beta cells of pancreas
Answer: (B)
Explanation: HIV targets and destroys helper T-cells, weakening immunity.
12.
Malaria
is caused by—
(A) Bacterium
(B) Protozoan
(C) Virus
(D) Helminth
Answer: (B)
Explanation: Malaria is caused by protozoan Plasmodium.
13.
Vector
for malaria is—
(A) Culex mosquito
(B) Aedes mosquito
(C) Anopheles mosquito
(D) Sandfly
Answer: (C)
Explanation: Female Anopheles mosquito transmits malaria.
14.
Infective
form of Plasmodium to humans is—
(A) Merozoite
(B) Gametocyte
(C) Sporozoite
(D) Trophozoite
Answer: (C)
Explanation: Sporozoites enter human bloodstream during mosquito
bite.
15.
Which
disease is caused by Entamoeba histolytica?
(A) Typhoid
(B) Amoebiasis
(C) Filariasis
(D) Ascariasis
Answer: (B)
Explanation: E. histolytica causes Amoebic dysentery.
16.
Elephantiasis
is caused by—
(A) Wuchereria bancrofti
(B) Ascaris lumbricoides
(C) Microsporum
(D) Plasmodium falciparum
Answer: (A)
Explanation: Wuchereria bancrofti causes filariasis
(elephantiasis).
17.
Vector
of filariasis:
(A) Anopheles
(B) Culex
(C) Aedes
(D) Sandfly
Answer: (B)
Explanation: Culex mosquito transmits filarial worms.
18.
Ascaris
infects the—
(A) Intestine
(B) Lungs
(C) Liver
(D) Brain
Answer: (A)
Explanation: Ascaris lumbricoides lives in human small intestine.
19.
Ringworm
is caused by—
(A) Virus
(B) Fungus
(C) Protozoa
(D) Bacterium
Answer: (B)
Explanation: Fungi like Microsporum, Trichophyton cause
ringworm.
20.
Which
of these diseases is caused by a helminth?
(A) Typhoid
(B) Filariasis
(C) Common cold
(D) Pneumonia
Answer: (B)
Explanation: Filariasis (elephantiasis) is caused by worm Wuchereria.
🧫 Section 2: Immunity
(Q21–Q40)
21.
Immunity
is—
(A) Lack of disease
(B) Ability of body to resist infection
(C) Only humoral response
(D) None
Answer: (B)
22.
Innate
immunity is—
(A) Specific
(B) Acquired after infection
(C) Present by birth
(D) Due to vaccines
Answer: (C)
23.
Which
is not a part of innate immunity?
(A) Skin
(B) Saliva
(C) Antibodies
(D) Mucus
Answer: (C)
Explanation: Antibodies are part of acquired immunity.
24.
Innate
immunity includes all except—
(A) Physical barriers
(B) Chemical barriers
(C) Cellular barriers
(D) Memory cells
Answer: (D)
25.
Which
of the following produces interferons?
(A) Virus
(B) Infected cells
(C) Bacteria
(D) Antibody
Answer: (B)
Explanation: Virus-infected cells produce interferons to protect others.
26.
Acquired
immunity is—
(A) Non-specific
(B) Present by birth
(C) Specific and has memory
(D) Absent in humans
Answer: (C)
27.
The
immunity transferred from mother to child through placenta is—
(A) Active immunity
(B) Passive immunity
(C) Artificial immunity
(D) Cell-mediated
Answer: (B)
28.
Vaccination
provides—
(A) Passive natural immunity
(B) Active artificial immunity
(C) Passive artificial immunity
(D) Innate immunity
Answer: (B)
29.
Which
lymphocytes produce antibodies?
(A) B-cells
(B) T-cells
(C) NK cells
(D) Helper T-cells
Answer: (A)
30.
Cell-mediated
immunity is carried out by—
(A) B-cells
(B) T-cells
(C) Plasma cells
(D) Macrophages
Answer: (B)
31.
Humoral
immunity is effective against—
(A) Cancer cells
(B) Virus-infected cells
(C) Extracellular pathogens
(D) None
Answer: (C)
32.
Which
one of the following is a passive immunity?
(A) Immunity from infection
(B) Vaccine-induced
(C) Mother’s milk immunity
(D) Recovery after disease
Answer: (C)
33.
BCG
vaccine gives protection against—
(A) Typhoid
(B) Tuberculosis
(C) Cholera
(D) Polio
Answer: (B)
34.
The
substance used for vaccination is called—
(A) Antigen
(B) Antibody
(C) Vaccine
(D) Antibiotic
Answer: (C)
35.
Antibodies
are—
(A) Carbohydrates
(B) Lipids
(C) Proteins
(D) Hormones
Answer: (C)
36.
Immunity
developed after infection is—
(A) Active natural immunity
(B) Passive natural
(C) Active artificial
(D) Passive artificial
Answer: (A)
37.
Injection
of antitoxin provides—
(A) Active immunity
(B) Passive immunity
(C) Both
(D) None
Answer: (B)
38.
Interferons
are—
(A) Antibodies
(B) Antiviral proteins
(C) Enzymes
(D) Hormones
Answer: (B)
39.
Which
is not an example of artificial active immunity?
(A) Smallpox vaccine
(B) Polio vaccine
(C) Antiserum injection
(D) DPT vaccine
Answer: (C)
40.
Allergy
is due to—
(A) Normal immune response
(B) Hypersensitivity of immune system
(C) Deficiency of immunity
(D) Autoimmunity
Answer: (B)
🧠Section 3: AIDS, Cancer
& Immunology (Q41–Q70)
41.
ELISA
test is used to detect—
(A) Malaria parasite
(B) AIDS virus
(C) Cancer cells
(D) Typhoid bacteria
Answer: (B)
42.
The
full form of AIDS—
(A) Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
(B) Acute Immuno Disease System
(C) Auto Immune Deficiency Syndrome
(D) Acquired Immunity Disorder System
Answer: (A)
43.
Helper
T-cells are destroyed in—
(A) Cancer
(B) AIDS
(C) Tuberculosis
(D) Typhoid
Answer: (B)
44.
Cancer
is caused due to—
(A) Controlled cell division
(B) Uncontrolled cell division
(C) Cell death
(D) Cell fusion
Answer: (B)
45.
The
spread of cancerous cells to distant organs is called—
(A) Infection
(B) Metastasis
(C) Mutation
(D) Malignancy
Answer: (B)
46.
Benign
tumors—
(A) Spread rapidly
(B) Are non-invasive
(C) Invade tissues
(D) Cause metastasis
Answer: (B)
47.
Malignant
tumors—
(A) Remain localized
(B) Spread to distant organs
(C) Are harmless
(D) Have controlled division
Answer: (B)
48.
Which
of these is NOT a carcinogen?
(A) UV rays
(B) X-rays
(C) Tobacco smoke
(D) Vitamin C
Answer: (D)
49.
Oncogenic
viruses cause—
(A) AIDS
(B) Cancer
(C) Tuberculosis
(D) Allergy
Answer: (B)
50.
The
first cancer-causing virus was discovered by—
(A) Pasteur
(B) Rous
(C) Jenner
(D) Watson
Answer: (B)
51.
Which
of these is not a method of cancer treatment?
(A) Chemotherapy
(B) Radiotherapy
(C) Surgery
(D) Vaccination against bacteria
Answer: (D)
52.
Alpha-interferons
are used in treatment of—
(A) Malaria
(B) Cancer
(C) Typhoid
(D) Pneumonia
Answer: (B)
53.
Autoimmune
disease occurs when—
(A) Immunity fails
(B) Antibodies destroy body’s own cells
(C) Virus infects immune cells
(D) None
Answer: (B)
54.
Example
of autoimmune disease—
(A) Malaria
(B) Rheumatoid arthritis
(C) Cancer
(D) AIDS
Answer: (B)
55.
Immunodeficiency
disease example—
(A) AIDS
(B) Rheumatoid arthritis
(C) Cancer
(D) Diabetes
Answer: (A)
56.
The
main cells responsible for immunity are—
(A) Lymphocytes
(B) RBCs
(C) Platelets
(D) Neurons
Answer: (A)
57.
Allergens
stimulate release of—
(A) Histamine
(B) Insulin
(C) Antibody
(D) Cytokine
Answer: (A)
58.
Histamine
causes—
(A) Relaxation of muscles
(B) Allergic symptoms
(C) Production of antibodies
(D) Fever
Answer: (B)
59.
Antihistamines
are used in—
(A) Typhoid
(B) Allergy
(C) Tuberculosis
(D) AIDS
Answer: (B)
60.
Autoimmune
diseases are due to—
(A) Virus infection
(B) Immune attack on self-cells
(C) Fungal growth
(D) Defective genes
Answer: (B)
61.
Cancerous
cells can spread through—
(A) Blood and lymph
(B) Neurons
(C) Skin only
(D) None
Answer: (A)
62.
BCG
vaccine protects against—
(A) Cancer
(B) Tuberculosis
(C) AIDS
(D) Ringworm
Answer: (B)
63.
Cervical
cancer is caused by—
(A) HIV
(B) HPV
(C) HBV
(D) EBV
Answer: (B)
64.
Tobacco
causes cancer because it contains—
(A) Alkaloids
(B) Carcinogens
(C) Vitamins
(D) Alcohols
Answer: (B)
65.
Cancer
cells show—
(A) Contact inhibition
(B) Metastasis
(C) Controlled growth
(D) None
Answer: (B)
66.
Which
is NOT true about AIDS?
(A) It reduces immunity
(B) Caused by HIV
(C) Cured by antibiotics
(D) Spreads through blood
Answer: (C)
67.
Full
form of HIV—
(A) Human Immunodeficiency Virus
(B) Human Inflammation Virus
(C) Hepatitis Immune Virus
(D) None
Answer: (A)
68.
Which
organ system is mainly affected by HIV?
(A) Circulatory
(B) Immune
(C) Nervous
(D) Endocrine
Answer: (B)
69.
Which
test confirms HIV infection?
(A) Widal
(B) ELISA
(C) Mantoux
(D) Blood count
Answer: (B)
70.
Drugs
used to slow down HIV multiplication are—
(A) Antivirals
(B) Antibiotics
(C) Vaccines
(D) Steroids
Answer: (A)
🌿 Section 4: Drugs, Alcohol,
and Adolescence (Q71–Q100)
71.
Drug
addiction means—
(A) Occasional drug use
(B) Repeated use causing dependence
(C) Use of medicine
(D) All of these
Answer: (B)
72.
Commonly
abused drugs include—
(A) Cocaine
(B) Morphine
(C) Heroin
(D) All
Answer: (D)
73.
Heroin
is chemically—
(A) Diacetylmorphine
(B) Methamphetamine
(C) Caffeine
(D) Codeine
Answer: (A)
74.
Heroin
is obtained from—
(A) Cannabis
(B) Opium
(C) Coca plant
(D) Tobacco
Answer: (B)
75.
Cocaine
is obtained from—
(A) Erythroxylum coca
(B) Papaver somniferum
(C) Cannabis sativa
(D) Tobacco
Answer: (A)
76.
Cocaine
acts on—
(A) CNS
(B) Heart
(C) Liver
(D) Skin
Answer: (A)
77.
Morphine
is—
(A) Depressant
(B) Stimulant
(C) Hallucinogen
(D) Painkiller
Answer: (A, D)
Explanation: Morphine is a depressant and strong analgesic.
78.
Marijuana
is obtained from—
(A) Tobacco plant
(B) Cannabis plant
(C) Opium
(D) Cocoa
Answer: (B)
79.
Smack
is another name for—
(A) Morphine
(B) Heroin
(C) Marijuana
(D) Cocaine
Answer: (B)
80.
Which
of the following is a hallucinogen?
(A) LSD
(B) Heroin
(C) Alcohol
(D) Nicotine
Answer: (A)
81.
LSD
is obtained from—
(A) Ergot fungus
(B) Tobacco
(C) Cannabis
(D) Coca plant
Answer: (A)
82.
Nicotine
affects—
(A) Respiratory system
(B) Cardiovascular system
(C) Nervous system
(D) All
Answer: (D)
83.
Chronic
use of alcohol affects—
(A) Liver
(B) Brain
(C) Heart
(D) All
Answer: (D)
84.
Alcoholic
liver disease is known as—
(A) Cirrhosis
(B) Jaundice
(C) Hepatitis
(D) Cancer
Answer: (A)
85.
Which
of the following is not a stimulant?
(A) Cocaine
(B) Caffeine
(C) Morphine
(D) Amphetamine
Answer: (C)
86.
Drugs
that alter perception are—
(A) Stimulants
(B) Hallucinogens
(C) Depressants
(D) Narcotics
Answer: (B)
87.
Which
of these is socially acceptable but addictive?
(A) Alcohol
(B) Tobacco
(C) Both
(D) None
Answer: (C)
88.
Addiction
leads to—
(A) Withdrawal symptoms
(B) Tolerance
(C) Dependence
(D) All
Answer: (D)
89.
Adolescents
are more vulnerable because—
(A) Hormonal changes
(B) Curiosity
(C) Peer pressure
(D) All
Answer: (D)
90.
Which
of the following is a depressant?
(A) Alcohol
(B) LSD
(C) Cocaine
(D) Amphetamine
Answer: (A)
91.
The
plant Cannabis sativa yields—
(A) Marijuana
(B) Hashish
(C) Ganja
(D) All
Answer: (D)
92.
Heroin
acts as—
(A) Stimulant
(B) Depressant
(C) Hallucinogen
(D) None
Answer: (B)
93.
Peer
pressure is a major factor in—
(A) Academic success
(B) Drug abuse
(C) Physical growth
(D) Sleep
Answer: (B)
94.
Withdrawal
symptoms appear when—
(A) Drug use starts
(B) Drug use stops suddenly
(C) Drug overdose
(D) None
Answer: (B)
95.
Which
of these is an opioid?
(A) Morphine
(B) LSD
(C) Cocaine
(D) Nicotine
Answer: (A)
96.
Caffeine
acts as—
(A) Stimulant
(B) Depressant
(C) Hallucinogen
(D) Narcotic
Answer: (A)
97.
Drug
dependence means—
(A) Physical and psychological need for drug
(B) Using drugs for fun
(C) Medicinal use
(D) None
Answer: (A)
98.
Chronic
alcoholism may lead to deficiency of—
(A) Vitamin A
(B) Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)
(C) Vitamin D
(D) Vitamin C
Answer: (B)
99.
Prevention
of drug abuse includes—
(A) Education and counseling
(B) Proper guidance
(C) Healthy lifestyle
(D) All
Answer: (D)
100.
National
agencies for drug de-addiction include—
(A) NDDTC (AIIMS)
(B) NCERT
(C) WHO
(D) UNICEF
Answer: (A)
Explanation: NDDTC (National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre) under
AIIMS runs rehabilitation programs.
✅ Summary for Revision:
- Typhoid → Salmonella typhi
- Malaria → Plasmodium, vector =
Anopheles
- AIDS → HIV (retrovirus, ELISA
test)
- TB → Mycobacterium tuberculosis
(BCG vaccine)
- Cancer → uncontrolled growth
(metastasis)
- Drug types: Opioids (Heroin),
Hallucinogens (LSD), Depressants (Alcohol), Stimulants (Cocaine)
- Immunity: Innate (nonspecific), Acquired
(specific, has memory)
