🌸 Chapter 1
Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants (MCQs)
Section A: Introduction & Flower
Structure (1–10)
1.
The
flower is a modified form of which plant organ?
a) Root
b) Stem
c) Leaf
d) Node
→ b) Stem
2.
Reproduction
involving the fusion of male and female gametes is called:
a) Asexual reproduction
b) Vegetative reproduction
c) Sexual reproduction
d) Budding
→ c) Sexual reproduction
3.
The
reproductive part of an angiosperm is:
a) Leaf
b) Flower
c) Root
d) Fruit
→ b) Flower
4.
Which
of the following is not a whorl of the flower?
a) Calyx
b) Corolla
c) Androecium
d) Pedicel
→ d) Pedicel
5.
Sepals
collectively form the:
a) Corolla
b) Calyx
c) Perianth
d) Tepal
→ b) Calyx
6.
Petals
collectively form the:
a) Androecium
b) Corolla
c) Calyx
d) Perianth
→ b) Corolla
7.
Male
reproductive organ of the flower is:
a) Pistil
b) Carpel
c) Stamen
d) Ovule
→ c) Stamen
8.
Female
reproductive part of a flower is:
a) Stamen
b) Carpel/Pistil
c) Ovary only
d) Style
→ b) Carpel/Pistil
9.
The
ovary of a flower contains:
a) Stamens
b) Pollen
c) Ovules
d) Sepals
→ c) Ovules
10.The brightly colored part of a
flower that attracts insects is:
a) Sepal
b) Petal
c) Ovary
d) Stigma
→ b) Petal
🌾 Section B: Male
Reproductive Parts & Microsporogenesis (11–30)
11.Each stamen consists of:
a) Filament and anther
b) Ovary and style
c) Petal and sepal
d) Filament and carpel
→ a) Filament and anther
12.A typical anther is:
a) Monothecous
b) Bilobed and dithecous
c) Tricarpellary
d) Unilocular
→ b) Bilobed and dithecous
13.Each anther lobe has how many
microsporangia?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
→ b) 2
14.Total number of microsporangia in an
anther:
a) 2
b) 3
c) 4
d) 8
→ c) 4
15.The nutritive layer in anther wall
is:
a) Epidermis
b) Tapetum
c) Endothecium
d) Middle layer
→ b) Tapetum
16.Tapetum provides nourishment to:
a) Ovule
b) Pollen grains
c) Ovary
d) Endosperm
→ b) Pollen grains
17.Microspore mother cell divides by:
a) Mitosis
b) Meiosis
c) Amitosis
d) Binary fission
→ b) Meiosis
18.A microspore mother cell gives rise
to how many microspores?
a) 2
b) 3
c) 4
d) 8
→ c) 4
19.The process of formation of
microspores is called:
a) Microsporogenesis
b) Megasporogenesis
c) Fertilization
d) Germination
→ a) Microsporogenesis
20.Mature pollen grain is:
a) Unicellular
b) Bicellular or tricellular
c) Multicellular
d) Acellular
→ b) Bicellular or tricellular
21.Outer wall of pollen grain is made
of:
a) Cellulose
b) Sporopollenin
c) Pectin
d) Cutin
→ b) Sporopollenin
22.Inner wall of pollen grain is:
a) Intine
b) Exine
c) Perisperm
d) Endothecium
→ a) Intine
23.The pore in pollen grain wall
through which pollen tube emerges is:
a) Hilum
b) Micropyle
c) Germ pore
d) Funicle
→ c) Germ pore
24.The vegetative cell of pollen grain
forms:
a) Male gametes
b) Pollen tube
c) Ovule
d) Embryo
→ b) Pollen tube
25.The generative cell divides to form:
a) One male gamete
b) Two male gametes
c) Four male gametes
d) None
→ b) Two male gametes
26.In which layer of anther wall does
dehiscence occur?
a) Epidermis
b) Endothecium
c) Tapetum
d) Middle layers
→ b) Endothecium
27.Sporopollenin is resistant to:
a) Enzymes
b) Acids
c) Alkalis
d) All of these
→ d) All of these
28.Pollen grains remain viable for
months in:
a) Rice
b) Wheat
c) Lily
d) Date palm
→ d) Date palm
29.Pollen grains can be preserved in
liquid nitrogen at:
a) –80°C
b) –196°C
c) –100°C
d) 0°C
→ b) –196°C
30.The number of nuclei in mature
pollen is:
a) 1
b) 2 or 3
c) 4
d) 8
→ b) 2 or 3
🌼 Section C: Female
Reproductive Part & Megasporogenesis (31–50)
31.Ovary contains one or more:
a) Ovules
b) Pollen grains
c) Sepals
d) Petals
→ a) Ovules
32.The stalk attaching ovule to ovary
wall is:
a) Funicle
b) Hilum
c) Micropyle
d) Nucellus
→ a) Funicle
33.The point of attachment of ovule to
funicle is:
a) Hilum
b) Micropyle
c) Chalaza
d) Stigma
→ a) Hilum
34.Protective covering of ovule is
called:
a) Funicle
b) Integuments
c) Nucellus
d) Endosperm
→ b) Integuments
35.Micropyle is:
a) Base of ovule
b) Small opening through integuments
c) Tip of ovary
d) Place for fertilization
→ b) Small opening through integuments
36.Megaspore mother cell is:
a) Haploid
b) Diploid
c) Triploid
d) Polyploid
→ b) Diploid
37.Functional megaspore forms:
a) Ovary
b) Embryo sac
c) Endosperm
d) Zygote
→ b) Embryo sac
38.Number of megaspores formed from one
MMC:
a) 2
b) 3
c) 4
d) 8
→ c) 4
39.Out of 4 megaspores, how many are
functional?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
→ a) 1
40.The embryo sac is also known as:
a) Male gametophyte
b) Female gametophyte
c) Endosperm
d) Ovary
→ b) Female gametophyte
41.A mature embryo sac has how many
cells?
a) 6
b) 7
c) 8
d) 9
→ b) 7
42.A mature embryo sac has how many
nuclei?
a) 6
b) 7
c) 8
d) 9
→ c) 8
43.Egg apparatus consists of:
a) Egg cell and 2 antipodals
b) 2 synergids and 1 egg cell
c) 2 polar nuclei
d) 3 antipodals
→ b) 2 synergids and 1 egg cell
44.Polar nuclei fuse to form:
a) Egg cell
b) Central cell
c) Endosperm
d) Zygote
→ b) Central cell
45.Antipodal cells are located at:
a) Micropylar end
b) Chalazal end
c) Middle
d) Any side
→ b) Chalazal end
46.The embryo sac develops by:
a) Mitosis
b) Meiosis
c) Amitosis
d) Fission
→ a) Mitosis
47.The functional megaspore is:
a) Diploid
b) Haploid
c) Triploid
d) None
→ b) Haploid
48.The number of mitotic divisions in
megaspore to form embryo sac is:
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
→ c) 3
49.Female gametophyte develops inside:
a) Ovary
b) Ovule
c) Pollen grain
d) Endosperm
→ b) Ovule
50.The ovule after fertilization becomes:
a) Seed
b) Fruit
c) Embryo
d) Endosperm
→ a) Seed
🌻 Section D: Pollination
(51–70)
51.Transfer of pollen from anther to
stigma is called:
a) Fertilization
b) Pollination
c) Germination
d) Reproduction
→ b) Pollination
52.Pollination in same flower is:
a) Autogamy
b) Geitonogamy
c) Xenogamy
d) Allogamy
→ a) Autogamy
53.Pollination between flowers of same
plant:
a) Autogamy
b) Geitonogamy
c) Xenogamy
d) Allogamy
→ b) Geitonogamy
54.Pollination between different plants
of same species:
a) Autogamy
b) Xenogamy
c) Geitonogamy
d) Cleistogamy
→ b) Xenogamy
55.Transfer of pollen by wind is:
a) Entomophily
b) Anemophily
c) Hydrophily
d) Ornithophily
→ b) Anemophily
56.Transfer of pollen by insects is:
a) Entomophily
b) Hydrophily
c) Ornithophily
d) Zoophily
→ a) Entomophily
57.Hydrophily occurs in:
a) Maize
b) Vallisneria
c) Pea
d) Hibiscus
→ b) Vallisneria
58.Ornithophilous flowers are
pollinated by:
a) Birds
b) Wind
c) Water
d) Insects
→ a) Birds
59.Example of wind-pollinated plant:
a) Maize
b) Rose
c) Lily
d) Jasmine
→ a) Maize
60.Flowers pollinated by bats are
called:
a) Chiropterophilous
b) Ornithophilous
c) Entomophilous
d) Hydrophilous
→ a) Chiropterophilous
61.Cleistogamous flowers are always:
a) Self-pollinated
b) Cross-pollinated
c) Sterile
d) Wind-pollinated
→ a) Self-pollinated
62.Flowers that never open are called:
a) Chasmogamous
b) Cleistogamous
c) Unisexual
d) Bisexual
→ b) Cleistogamous
63.The main advantage of
cross-pollination:
a) Variation
b) No variation
c) No gamete formation
d) Self-compatibility
→ a) Variation
64.Dichogamy means:
a) Male and female organs mature at different times
b) Self-pollination
c) Unisexuality
d) Cross-fertilization
→ a) Male and female organs mature at different times
65.Self-incompatibility prevents:
a) Cross-pollination
b) Self-pollination
c) Pollination
d) Fertilization
→ b) Self-pollination
66.Unisexual flowers promote:
a) Autogamy
b) Cross-pollination
c) Selfing
d) Apomixis
→ b) Cross-pollination
67.Pollination by snails is called:
a) Malacophily
b) Zoophily
c) Entomophily
d) Hydrophily
→ a) Malacophily
68.Chasmogamous flowers are:
a) Open for pollination
b) Closed flowers
c) Self-pollinated only
d) Sterile
→ a) Open for pollination
69.Which structure receives pollen
grains?
a) Ovary
b) Style
c) Stigma
d) Filament
→ c) Stigma
70.Insect-pollinated flowers produce:
a) Sticky pollen
b) Dry pollen
c) No pollen
d) Floating pollen
→ a) Sticky pollen
🌱 Section E: Fertilization
& Post-Fertilization (71–90)
71.Pollen tube grows through:
a) Style
b) Ovary
c) Filament
d) Anther
→ a) Style
72.Double fertilization was discovered
by:
a) Strasburger
b) Nawaschin
c) Hofmeister
d) Mendel
→ b) Nawaschin
73.The entry of pollen tube into ovule
through micropyle is called:
a) Porogamy
b) Chalazogamy
c) Mesogamy
d) Apogamy
→ a) Porogamy
74.The fusion of male and female gamete
is:
a) Syngamy
b) Triple fusion
c) Pollination
d) Parthenocarpy
→ a) Syngamy
75.Fusion of second male gamete with
polar nuclei is called:
a) Triple fusion
b) Double fertilization
c) Syngamy
d) Fusion of gametes
→ a) Triple fusion
76.Double fertilization = Syngamy +
_______
a) Triple fusion
b) Megasporogenesis
c) Gametogenesis
d) Parthenocarpy
→ a) Triple fusion
77.The product of syngamy is:
a) Zygote
b) Endosperm
c) Embryo
d) Seed
→ a) Zygote
78.The product of triple fusion is:
a) Zygote
b) Primary endosperm nucleus
c) Embryo sac
d) Antipodal
→ b) Primary endosperm nucleus
79.Endosperm provides:
a) Protection
b) Nutrition
c) Reproduction
d) Variation
→ b) Nutrition
80.The zygote develops into:
a) Embryo
b) Endosperm
c) Seed coat
d) Ovary
→ a) Embryo
81.Ovary after fertilization develops
into:
a) Seed
b) Fruit
c) Embryo
d) Ovule
→ b) Fruit
82.Endosperm in most angiosperms is:
a) Diploid
b) Haploid
c) Triploid
d) Tetraploid
→ c) Triploid
83.The outer covering of seed is:
a) Pericarp
b) Seed coat
c) Endosperm
d) Cotyledon
→ b) Seed coat
84.Cotyledons store:
a) Enzymes
b) Food
c) Pigments
d) Hormones
→ b) Food
85.Fruit developed without
fertilization is called:
a) Parthenocarpy
b) Apomixis
c) Polyembryony
d) Syngamy
→ a) Parthenocarpy
86.Banana is an example of:
a) True fruit
b) False fruit
c) Parthenocarpic fruit
d) Dry fruit
→ c) Parthenocarpic fruit
87.True fruit develops from:
a) Ovary
b) Ovule
c) Receptacle
d) Petal
→ a) Ovary
88.False fruit develops from:
a) Ovary only
b) Floral parts other than ovary
c) Seed coat
d) Embryo
→ b) Floral parts other than ovary
89.Example of false fruit:
a) Mango
b) Apple
c) Tomato
d) Banana
→ b) Apple
90.Seed is formed from:
a) Ovule
b) Ovary
c) Embryo
d) Flower
→ a) Ovule
🌾 Section F: Apomixis &
Polyembryony (91–100)
91.Formation of seed without
fertilization is called:
a) Apomixis
b) Parthenogenesis
c) Polyembryony
d) Parthenocarpy
→ a) Apomixis
92.Apomixis is a form of:
a) Asexual reproduction
b) Sexual reproduction
c) Self-pollination
d) Cross-pollination
→ a) Asexual reproduction
93.Apomixis is common in:
a) Orchidaceae
b) Asteraceae and grasses
c) Fabaceae
d) Malvaceae
→ b) Asteraceae and grasses
94.Formation of multiple embryos in a
seed is:
a) Apomixis
b) Polyembryony
c) Parthenogenesis
d) Double fertilization
→ b) Polyembryony
95.Polyembryony was discovered by:
a) Nawaschin
b) Leeuwenhoek
c) Strasburger
d) Hofmeister
→ b) Leeuwenhoek
96.Example of polyembryony:
a) Mango
b) Apple
c) Rice
d) Maize
→ a) Mango
97.In apomixis, embryo develops
directly from:
a) Ovule
b) Nucellus or integument
c) Endosperm
d) Egg after fertilization
→ b) Nucellus or integument
98.Apomixis is advantageous because:
a) Produces identical plants
b) Promotes variation
c) Increases mutation
d) Reduces fertility
→ a) Produces identical plants
99.Artificially induced parthenocarpy
is used for:
a) Making seedless fruits
b) Hybrid seeds
c) Pollination
d) Fertilization
→ a) Making seedless fruits
100.
Double
fertilization is unique to:
a) Gymnosperms
b) Bryophytes
c) Angiosperms
d) Pteridophytes
→ c) Angiosperms
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